Kohler’s Disease
Kohler’s Disease is a spontaneous loss of blood supply to a particular bone in the foot.
Treatments may include cast immobilization, reduced activities and foot orthotics or inserts.
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General Statistics
Foot and ankle problems usually fall into the following categories: Acquired from improper footwear, physical stress, or small mechanical changes [...]
Chilblains (cold feet)
Chilblains are caused by the skin’s abnormal reaction to cold. Circulation is a determining factor for chilblains; people with poor [...]
Alcoholic Neuropathy
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Acrocyanosis
Acrocyanosis is a painless disorder that affects the arteries supplying blood to the skin of the hands and feet. These [...]
Turf Toe
Big toe injuries, known as turf toe, result from hyperextension of the big toe joint as the heel is raised [...]
Subungal Exotosis (bone spur under toenail)
Subungal exostosis is more commonly referred to as a bone spur under the toenail. This condition is generally caused by [...]
Underlapping Toes
Underlapping toes usually involve the fourth and fifth toes. (A special form of underlapping toes is called congenital curly toes). [...]
Overlapping
Overlapping toes are characterized by one toe lying on top of an adjacent toe. The fifth toe is the most [...]
Intoeing
In-toeing and out-toeing occur when the feet are positioned too far inward or outward when walking. Both conditions may be [...]
Hammertoes
Hammertoe is a deformity of the second, third, or fourth toes. In this condition, the toe is bent at the [...]
Hallux Varus
Hallux Varus is a condition in which the big toe points away from the second toe. It is a possible [...]
Hallux Rigidis (rigid big toe)
An unmovable big toe, known as Hallux Rigidus, is the most common form of arthritis in your foot. Hallux [...]
Hallux Limitus (stiff big toe joint)
Hallux Limitus is a condition that results in stiffness of the big toe joint. It is normally caused by an [...]
Digital Deformity
Many disorders can affect the joints of the toes, causing pain and preventing the foot from functioning as it should. [...]
Claw Toe
Claw toe is caused by nerve damage from diseases like diabetes or alcoholism, which can weaken muscles in the foot. [...]
Bunions
A bunion is a bone deformity caused by an enlargement of the joint at the base and side of the [...]
Warts
Most foot warts are harmless, even though they may be painful. They are often mistaken for corns or calluses, which [...]
Ulcers
Ulcers are skin wounds that are slow to heal. In the foot, as prominent metatarsal heads on the plantar (bottom [...]
Swelling
Swelling of the feet, ankles and legs, also known as edema, is often caused by an abnormal build-up of fluids [...]
Smelly Feet and Foot Odor
The feet and hands contain more sweat glands than any other part of the body, with roughly 3,000 glands per [...]
Psoriasis
Psoriasis is a common, chronic, and recurrent inflammatory disease of the skin characterized by round, reddish, dry scaley patches covered [...]
Lesions
Skin lesions refer to any variation in skin color or texture anywhere on the body. Some skin lesions are present [...]
Gangrene
Gangrene is caused by lost blood supply to the foot or bacterial infections that result from open sores or ulcers. [...]
Fungus
Many people don’t realize they have a fungal nail problem and, therefore, don’t seek treatment. Yet, fungal toenail infections are [...]
Frostbite
Extreme exposure of your feet to cold for a prolonged period can lead to a serious condition called frostbite. Frostbite [...]
Cysts
Cysts are fluid-filled masses under the skin. Common cysts of the feet include synovial cysts, ganglia, and cutaneous mucoid cysts. [...]
Corns
Corns are calluses that form on the toes because of bones that push up against shoes and build up pressure [...]
Calluses
A callus, also known as hyperkeratosis, is an area of hard, thickened skin that can occur across the ball of [...]
Burning Feet
Burning feet refers to a foot sensation that is most frequently experienced by adults over age 50 and those who [...]
Blisters
Most blisters on the feet are caused by friction and do not require medical attention. New skin will form underneath [...]
Athlete’s Foot (tinea pedis)
Athlete’s Foot, also known as tinea pedis, is a skin disease caused by a fungus that usually occurs between the [...]
Allergies
Two kinds of skin allergies, or dermatitis, are caused by substances coming in contact with the skin: primary irritant dermatitis [...]
Nail Fungus
Many people don’t realize they have a fungal nail problem and, therefore, don’t seek treatment. Yet, fungal toenail infections are [...]
Ingrown Toenails
Ingrown toenails, also known as onychocryptosis, is usually caused by trimming toenails too short, particularly on the sides of the [...]
Black Toenails
Black or darkened toenails are essentially bruised nails and can result from a variety injuries or problems. Darkened nails may [...]
Plantar Fasciitis (heel spur)
Plantar fasciitis is the term commonly used to refer to heel and arch pain traced to an inflammation on the [...]
Heel Fissures
Heel fissures is the term for cracking of the skin of the heels. This can be a painful condition that [...]
Heel Callus
Heel calluses, also called plantar calluses, develop when one metatarsal bone is longer or lower than the others and it [...]
Haglund’s Deformity
Haglund’s Deformity (also known as pump bump or retrocalcaneal bursitis) is a painful enlargement on the back of the heel [...]
Fungal Nails
Since fungal nails are usually more resistant and more difficult to treat than Athlete’s foot, topical or oral antifungal medications [...]
Common Fungal Problems
Athlete’s foot and fungal nails are the most common fungal problems with feet. A fungus is a common mold that [...]
Sever’s Disease
Sever’s Disease, also known as calcaneal apophysitis, is a disease of the growth plate of the bone and is characterized [...]
Seiver’s Disease
Our team of specialists and staff believe that informed patients are better equipped to make decisions regarding their health and [...]
Raynaud’s Disease
Raynaud’s Disease is a disorder that affects the hands and feet. It is caused by contraction of the smooth muscles [...]
Ollier’s Disease
Ollier’s Disease, also known as enchondromatosis, frequently occurs in the small bones in the hands and toes (phalanges) and the [...]
Maffucci’s Syndrome
Maffucci’s Syndrome is a very rare form of enchondromatosis that combines multiple enchondromas in bones anywhere in the body with [...]
Kaposi’s Sarcoma (AIDS related)
Kaposi’s Sarcoma is a cancerous lesion that can occur on the soles of the feet. The disease is usually associated [...]
Gout
Gout (also known as gouty arthritis) is a condition caused by a buildup of the salts of uric acid (a [...]
Freiberg’s Disease
Freiberg’s Disease usually begins as a pain in the ball of a child’s foot. Its onset is often linked to [...]
Charcot Foot
Charcot Foot is a form of arthritis that often develops suddenly and without pain. Without any warning, the bones in [...]
Cancer
There are many kinds of cancers of the foot. Some take the form of cysts and lesions, while others are [...]
Arthritis
Arthritis is an inflammation and swelling of the cartilage and lining of the joints, generally accompanied by an increase in [...]
Diabetes and Your Feet
Diabetes is a lifelong chronic disease that is caused by high levels of sugar in the blood. It can also [...]
Tarsal Coalition
Tarsal coalition is a bone condition that causes decreased motion or absence of motion in one or more of the [...]
Spurs
Bone spurs are a very common foot problem. In the feet, they develop most frequently in the heel, near the [...]
Sesamoiditis
Sesamoids are small bones that are connected only to tendons or are embedded in muscle. This structure appears in only [...]
Posterior Tibial Tendon Dysfunction
The posterior tibial tendon starts in the calf, stretches down behind the inside of the ankle, and attaches to bones [...]
Peroneal Tendon Dislocation/Dysfunction
Peroneal tendons support two important foot muscles (Peroneus Brevis and Peroneus Longus) that originate on the outside of the calves. [...]
Overlapping or Underlapping Toes
Osteomyelitis (Bone Infections)
Osteomyelitis is a type of bacterial bone infection that moves from acute to chronic phases quickly. The infection usually begins [...]
Metatarsalgia
Pain in the area between the arch and toes, or ball of the foot, is generally called metatarsalgia. The pain [...]
Mallet Toes
Mallet toes are deformities caused by bone and muscle imbalances that become exaggerated in people with active lifestyles. Arthritis can [...]
Jackson Weiss Syndrome
Our team of specialists and staff believe that informed patients are better equipped to make decisions regarding their health and [...]
Hammertoes
Hammertoe is a deformity of the second, third, or fourth toes. In this condition, the toe is bent at the [...]
Hallux Varus
Hallux Varus is a condition in which the big toe points away from the second toe. It is a possible [...]
Hallux Rigidus (Stiff Big Toe)
Hallux Limitus (Stiff Big Toe Joint)
Hallux Limitus is a condition that results in stiffness of the big toe joint. It is normally caused by an [...]
Haglund’s Deformity
Haglund’s Deformity (also known as pump bump or retrocalcaneal bursitis) is a painful enlargement on the back of the heel [...]
Gordon Syndrome
Gordon Syndrome is an extremely rare disorder that belongs to a group of genetic disorders known as the distal arthrogryposes. [...]
Flat Feet
Flat feet are a common condition of the foot structure. In infants and toddlers, prior to walking, the longitudinal arch [...]
Enchondroma
Enchondromas are small benign tumors made up of cartilage that form in the bone beneath the toenail. Enchondromas are the [...]
Dysplasia (Epiphysealis Hemimelica)
Dysplasia, also known as epiphysealis hemimelica, is a disorder that affects the bone joints. It is characterized by overgrowth of [...]
Clubfoot
Clubfoot is one of the most common, non-life threatening, major birth defects among infants globally. Approximately one in every 1,000 [...]
Claw Toe
Claw toe is caused by nerve damage from diseases like diabetes or alcoholism, which can weaken muscles in the foot. [...]
Bunions
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Amniotic Band Syndrome
Amniotic Band Syndrome (ABS) is an uncommon congenital abnormality that causes entrapment of fetal parts (usually a limb or digits) [...]
Sports Injuries
Many sports are hard on the feet because of quick repetitive movements, constricting footwear, and/or increased exposure to injury or [...]
Shin Splints
Shin splints refer to pain on either side of the leg bone that is caused by muscle or tendon inflammation. [...]
Osteochondromas
Osteochondromas are benign bone tumors that form in the bone beneath the toenail. Osteochrondromas account for about half of all [...]
Osteochondritis (stiff ankle)
Osteochondritis are lesions that usually cause pain and stiffness of the ankle joint and affect all age groups. Osteochondritis is [...]
Fractures
Nearly one-fourth of all the bones in your body are in your feet. A broken (fractured) bone in your forefoot [...]
Broken Ankle
According to the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons, doctors have noticed an increase in the number and severity of broken [...]
Ankle Sprain Injuries
Ankle sprains are caused by an unnatural twisting or force on the ankle bones of the foot, which may result [...]
Sesamoiditis
Sesamoids are small bones that are connected only to tendons or are embedded in muscle. This structure appears in only [...]
Plantar Fibromas (lumps in the arch of the foot)
Our team of specialists and staff believe that informed patients are better equipped to make decisions regarding their health and [...]
Metatarsalgia (foot pain in ball)
Pain in the area between the arch and toes, or ball of the foot, is generally called metatarsalgia. The pain [...]
Flat Feet (over pronation)
Flat feet are a common condition of the foot structure. In infants and toddlers, prior to walking, the longitudinal arch [...]
Capsulitis
Capsulitis is an inflammation of the ligament on the bottom of the foot. It is usually caused by trauma or [...]
Osteochondritis
Osteochondritis is a lesion that usually causes pain and stiffness of the ankle joint and affects all age groups. Osteochondritis [...]
Chronic Lateral Ankle Pain
Chronic lateral ankle pain is recurring or chronic pain on the outside part of the ankle that often develops after [...]
Ankle Sprain
Ankle sprains are caused by an unnatural twisting or force on the ankle bones of the foot, which may result [...]
Xanthomas of the Achilles Tendon
Xanthomas are cholesterol deposits that appear in the Achilles tendon. High cholesterol levels can cause the formation of these cholesterol [...]
Peroneal Tendon Dislocation/Dysfunction
Peroneal tendons are two tendons that support two important foot muscles (peroneus brevis and peroneus longus) that originate on the [...]
Achilles Tendonitis
The Achilles tendon is the largest tendon in the human body and can withstand forces of 1,000 pounds or more. [...]
Athlete’s Foot (Tinea Pedis)
A chronic infection caused by various types of fungus, Athlete’s foot is often spread in places where people go barefoot [...]
Erythromelalgia
Erythromelalgia is a rare disorder that results from enlarged blood vessels in the feet. Because the blood vessels are open [...]
Ischemic Foot
Ischemic foot refers to a lack of adequate arterial blood flow from the heart to the foot. There are a [...]
Neuroma
A neuroma is an enlarged, benign growth of nerves, most commonly between the third and fourth toes. Neuromas are caused [...]
Spasms
Spasms are contractions of the hands, thumbs, feet, or toes and are sometimes seen with muscle cramps, twitching, and convulsions. [...]
Venous Stasis
Venous stasis is a loss of proper function in the leg veins that normally carry blood back toward the heart. [...]