Dysplasia (Epiphysealis Hemimelica)
Dysplasia, also known as epiphysealis hemimelica, is a disorder that affects the bone joints. It is characterized by overgrowth of the cartilage on the end of one or more of the long bones (carpal or tarsal bones) in the hand or foot. Usually only one limb is involved. Dysplasia may cause limbs that are unequal in length. Less often, the cartilage on other bones, such as those in the ankle, knee, or hip joint, can be impacted.
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Diabetes and Your Feet
Diabetes is a lifelong chronic disease that is caused by high levels of sugar in the blood. It can also [...]
General Statistics
Foot and ankle problems usually fall into the following categories: Acquired from improper footwear, physical stress, or small mechanical changes [...]
Chilblains (cold feet)
Chilblains are caused by the skin’s abnormal reaction to cold. Circulation is a determining factor for chilblains; people with poor [...]
Alcoholic Neuropathy
Alcoholic peripheral neuropathy is a nerve loss condition in the foot caused by the prolonged use of alcoholic beverages. Ethanol, [...]
Acrocyanosis
Acrocyanosis is a painless disorder that affects the arteries supplying blood to the skin of the hands and feet. These [...]
Turf Toe
Big toe injuries, known as turf toe, result from hyperextension of the big toe joint as the heel is raised [...]
Subungal Exotosis (bone spur under toenail)
Subungal exostosis is more commonly referred to as a bone spur under the toenail. This condition is generally caused by [...]
Underlapping Toes
Underlapping toes usually involve the fourth and fifth toes. (A special form of underlapping toes is called congenital curly toes). [...]
Overlapping
Overlapping toes are characterized by one toe lying on top of an adjacent toe. The fifth toe is the most [...]
Intoeing
In-toeing and out-toeing occur when the feet are positioned too far inward or outward when walking. Both conditions may be [...]
Hammertoes
Hammertoe is a deformity of the second, third, or fourth toes. In this condition, the toe is bent at the [...]
Hallux Varus
Hallux Varus is a condition in which the big toe points away from the second toe. It is a possible [...]
Hallux Rigidis (rigid big toe)
An unmovable big toe, known as Hallux Rigidus, is the most common form of arthritis in your foot. Hallux [...]
Hallux Limitus (stiff big toe joint)
Hallux Limitus is a condition that results in stiffness of the big toe joint. It is normally caused by an [...]
Digital Deformity
Many disorders can affect the joints of the toes, causing pain and preventing the foot from functioning as it should. [...]
Claw Toe
Claw toe is caused by nerve damage from diseases like diabetes or alcoholism, which can weaken muscles in the foot. [...]
Bunions
A bunion is a bone deformity caused by an enlargement of the joint at the base and side of the [...]
Warts
Most foot warts are harmless, even though they may be painful. They are often mistaken for corns or calluses, which [...]
Ulcers
Ulcers are skin wounds that are slow to heal. In the foot, as prominent metatarsal heads on the plantar (bottom [...]
Swelling
Swelling of the feet, ankles and legs, also known as edema, is often caused by an abnormal build-up of fluids [...]
Smelly Feet and Foot Odor
The feet and hands contain more sweat glands than any other part of the body, with roughly 3,000 glands per [...]
Psoriasis
Psoriasis is a common, chronic, and recurrent inflammatory disease of the skin characterized by round, reddish, dry scaley patches covered [...]
Lesions
Skin lesions refer to any variation in skin color or texture anywhere on the body. Some skin lesions are present [...]
Gangrene
Gangrene is caused by lost blood supply to the foot or bacterial infections that result from open sores or ulcers. [...]
Fungus
Many people don’t realize they have a fungal nail problem and, therefore, don’t seek treatment. Yet, fungal toenail infections are [...]
Frostbite
Extreme exposure of your feet to cold for a prolonged period can lead to a serious condition called frostbite. Frostbite [...]
Cysts
Cysts are fluid-filled masses under the skin. Common cysts of the feet include synovial cysts, ganglia, and cutaneous mucoid cysts. [...]
Corns
Corns are calluses that form on the toes because of bones that push up against shoes and build up pressure [...]
Calluses
A callus, also known as hyperkeratosis, is an area of hard, thickened skin that can occur across the ball of [...]
Burning Feet
Burning feet refers to a foot sensation that is most frequently experienced by adults over age 50 and those who [...]
Blisters
Most blisters on the feet are caused by friction and do not require medical attention. New skin will form underneath [...]
Athlete’s Foot (tinea pedis)
Athlete’s Foot, also known as tinea pedis, is a skin disease caused by a fungus that usually occurs between the [...]
Allergies
Two kinds of skin allergies, or dermatitis, are caused by substances coming in contact with the skin: primary irritant dermatitis [...]
Nail Fungus
Many people don’t realize they have a fungal nail problem and, therefore, don’t seek treatment. Yet, fungal toenail infections are [...]
Ingrown Toenails
Ingrown toenails, also known as onychocryptosis, is usually caused by trimming toenails too short, particularly on the sides of the [...]
Black Toenails
Black or darkened toenails are essentially bruised nails and can result from a variety injuries or problems. Darkened nails may [...]
Plantar Fasciitis (heel spur)
Plantar fasciitis is the term commonly used to refer to heel and arch pain traced to an inflammation on the [...]
Heel Fissures
Heel fissures is the term for cracking of the skin of the heels. This can be a painful condition that [...]
Heel Callus
Heel calluses, also called plantar calluses, develop when one metatarsal bone is longer or lower than the others and it [...]
Haglund’s Deformity
Haglund’s Deformity (also known as pump bump or retrocalcaneal bursitis) is a painful enlargement on the back of the heel [...]
Fungal Nails
Since fungal nails are usually more resistant and more difficult to treat than Athlete’s foot, topical or oral antifungal medications [...]
Common Fungal Problems
Athlete’s foot and fungal nails are the most common fungal problems with feet. A fungus is a common mold that [...]
Sever’s Disease
Sever’s Disease, also known as calcaneal apophysitis, is a disease of the growth plate of the bone and is characterized [...]
Seiver’s Disease
Our team of specialists and staff believe that informed patients are better equipped to make decisions regarding their health and [...]
Raynaud’s Disease
Raynaud’s Disease is a disorder that affects the hands and feet. It is caused by contraction of the smooth muscles [...]
Ollier’s Disease
Ollier’s Disease, also known as enchondromatosis, frequently occurs in the small bones in the hands and toes (phalanges) and the [...]
Maffucci’s Syndrome
Maffucci’s Syndrome is a very rare form of enchondromatosis that combines multiple enchondromas in bones anywhere in the body with [...]
Kohler’s Disease
Kohler’s Disease is a spontaneous loss of blood supply to a particular bone in the foot. Treatments may include [...]
Kaposi’s Sarcoma (AIDS related)
Kaposi’s Sarcoma is a cancerous lesion that can occur on the soles of the feet. The disease is usually associated [...]
Gout
Gout (also known as gouty arthritis) is a condition caused by a buildup of the salts of uric acid (a [...]
Freiberg’s Disease
Freiberg’s Disease usually begins as a pain in the ball of a child’s foot. Its onset is often linked to [...]
Charcot Foot
Charcot Foot is a form of arthritis that often develops suddenly and without pain. Without any warning, the bones in [...]
Cancer
There are many kinds of cancers of the foot. Some take the form of cysts and lesions, while others are [...]
Arthritis
Arthritis is an inflammation and swelling of the cartilage and lining of the joints, generally accompanied by an increase in [...]
Diabetes and Your Feet
Diabetes is a lifelong chronic disease that is caused by high levels of sugar in the blood. It can also [...]
Tarsal Coalition
Tarsal coalition is a bone condition that causes decreased motion or absence of motion in one or more of the [...]
Spurs
Bone spurs are a very common foot problem. In the feet, they develop most frequently in the heel, near the [...]
Sesamoiditis
Sesamoids are small bones that are connected only to tendons or are embedded in muscle. This structure appears in only [...]
Posterior Tibial Tendon Dysfunction
The posterior tibial tendon starts in the calf, stretches down behind the inside of the ankle, and attaches to bones [...]
Peroneal Tendon Dislocation/Dysfunction
Peroneal tendons support two important foot muscles (Peroneus Brevis and Peroneus Longus) that originate on the outside of the calves. [...]
Overlapping or Underlapping Toes
Osteomyelitis (Bone Infections)
Osteomyelitis is a type of bacterial bone infection that moves from acute to chronic phases quickly. The infection usually begins [...]
Metatarsalgia
Pain in the area between the arch and toes, or ball of the foot, is generally called metatarsalgia. The pain [...]
Mallet Toes
Mallet toes are deformities caused by bone and muscle imbalances that become exaggerated in people with active lifestyles. Arthritis can [...]
Jackson Weiss Syndrome
Our team of specialists and staff believe that informed patients are better equipped to make decisions regarding their health and [...]
Hammertoes
Hammertoe is a deformity of the second, third, or fourth toes. In this condition, the toe is bent at the [...]
Hallux Varus
Hallux Varus is a condition in which the big toe points away from the second toe. It is a possible [...]
Hallux Rigidus (Stiff Big Toe)
Hallux Limitus (Stiff Big Toe Joint)
Hallux Limitus is a condition that results in stiffness of the big toe joint. It is normally caused by an [...]
Haglund’s Deformity
Haglund’s Deformity (also known as pump bump or retrocalcaneal bursitis) is a painful enlargement on the back of the heel [...]
Gordon Syndrome
Gordon Syndrome is an extremely rare disorder that belongs to a group of genetic disorders known as the distal arthrogryposes. [...]
Flat Feet
Flat feet are a common condition of the foot structure. In infants and toddlers, prior to walking, the longitudinal arch [...]
Enchondroma
Enchondromas are small benign tumors made up of cartilage that form in the bone beneath the toenail. Enchondromas are the [...]
Clubfoot
Clubfoot is one of the most common, non-life threatening, major birth defects among infants globally. Approximately one in every 1,000 [...]
Claw Toe
Claw toe is caused by nerve damage from diseases like diabetes or alcoholism, which can weaken muscles in the foot. [...]
Bunions
p>A bunion is a bone deformity caused by an enlargement of the joint at the base and side of the [...]
Amniotic Band Syndrome
Amniotic Band Syndrome (ABS) is an uncommon congenital abnormality that causes entrapment of fetal parts (usually a limb or digits) [...]
Sports Injuries
Many sports are hard on the feet because of quick repetitive movements, constricting footwear, and/or increased exposure to injury or [...]
Shin Splints
Shin splints refer to pain on either side of the leg bone that is caused by muscle or tendon inflammation. [...]
Osteochondromas
Osteochondromas are benign bone tumors that form in the bone beneath the toenail. Osteochrondromas account for about half of all [...]
Osteochondritis (stiff ankle)
Osteochondritis are lesions that usually cause pain and stiffness of the ankle joint and affect all age groups. Osteochondritis is [...]
Fractures
Nearly one-fourth of all the bones in your body are in your feet. A broken (fractured) bone in your forefoot [...]
Broken Ankle
According to the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons, doctors have noticed an increase in the number and severity of broken [...]
Ankle Sprain Injuries
Ankle sprains are caused by an unnatural twisting or force on the ankle bones of the foot, which may result [...]
Sesamoiditis
Sesamoids are small bones that are connected only to tendons or are embedded in muscle. This structure appears in only [...]
Plantar Fibromas (lumps in the arch of the foot)
Our team of specialists and staff believe that informed patients are better equipped to make decisions regarding their health and [...]
Metatarsalgia (foot pain in ball)
Pain in the area between the arch and toes, or ball of the foot, is generally called metatarsalgia. The pain [...]
Flat Feet (over pronation)
Flat feet are a common condition of the foot structure. In infants and toddlers, prior to walking, the longitudinal arch [...]
Capsulitis
Capsulitis is an inflammation of the ligament on the bottom of the foot. It is usually caused by trauma or [...]
Osteochondritis
Osteochondritis is a lesion that usually causes pain and stiffness of the ankle joint and affects all age groups. Osteochondritis [...]
Chronic Lateral Ankle Pain
Chronic lateral ankle pain is recurring or chronic pain on the outside part of the ankle that often develops after [...]
Ankle Sprain
Ankle sprains are caused by an unnatural twisting or force on the ankle bones of the foot, which may result [...]
Xanthomas of the Achilles Tendon
Xanthomas are cholesterol deposits that appear in the Achilles tendon. High cholesterol levels can cause the formation of these cholesterol [...]
Peroneal Tendon Dislocation/Dysfunction
Peroneal tendons are two tendons that support two important foot muscles (peroneus brevis and peroneus longus) that originate on the [...]
Achilles Tendonitis
The Achilles tendon is the largest tendon in the human body and can withstand forces of 1,000 pounds or more. [...]
Athlete’s Foot (Tinea Pedis)
A chronic infection caused by various types of fungus, Athlete’s foot is often spread in places where people go barefoot [...]
Erythromelalgia
Erythromelalgia is a rare disorder that results from enlarged blood vessels in the feet. Because the blood vessels are open [...]
Ischemic Foot
Ischemic foot refers to a lack of adequate arterial blood flow from the heart to the foot. There are a [...]
Neuroma
A neuroma is an enlarged, benign growth of nerves, most commonly between the third and fourth toes. Neuromas are caused [...]
Spasms
Spasms are contractions of the hands, thumbs, feet, or toes and are sometimes seen with muscle cramps, twitching, and convulsions. [...]
Venous Stasis
Venous stasis is a loss of proper function in the leg veins that normally carry blood back toward the heart. [...]